Mount Hermon, a striking mountain cluster, marks the southernmost part of the Anti-Lebanon mountain range. Standing tall at 2,814 meters above sea level, it is the second-highest peak in Lebanon, renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, cultural significance, and ecological importance. The mountain’s northern and eastern slopes lie within Lebanon’s borders, offering unparalleled natural beauty and historical intrigue.
The name “Hermon” originates from the Semitic root ḥrm, meaning “sacred.” Locally, it is often called Jabal al-Shaykh, or “Mountain of the Chief,” referencing its snowy peaks that evoke the white hair of an elder. This majestic mountain has been revered for centuries, earning its place as a symbol of natural splendor and spiritual significance in Lebanon.
Mount Hermon has been a cultural and spiritual landmark for millennia. It is believed to have been settled as early as 200 BCE and holds profound significance in religious history. In Christian tradition, it is thought to be the site of the Transfiguration of Jesus Christ. The mountain also forms part of the northern boundary described in biblical accounts of the Israelite conquest.
Beyond its Christian ties, Mount Hermon was sacred to ancient civilizations, including the Canaanites and Phoenicians. The region is home to more than 30 ancient shrines and temples, reflecting the mountain’s role as a hub of worship and spiritual connection. The most notable is Qasr Antar, one of the highest-altitude temples of the ancient world.
Mount Hermon remains a sacred site for Lebanon’s Christian, Muslim, and Druze communities, with many of the surrounding villages inhabited by Druze populations who hold the mountain in deep reverence.
Mount Hermon’s natural wonders are as impressive as its historical and spiritual legacy. The mountain feeds vital water sources, with springs at its base forming the headwaters of the Jordan River. Its snowmelt nourishes the surrounding valleys, sustaining agriculture and supporting diverse ecosystems unique to the region.
The mountain is also home to rare and endemic plant and animal species, such as wild orchids, migratory birds of prey, and the elusive Lebanese wildcat. These natural treasures make it a must-visit destination for eco-tourism and nature enthusiasts.
For centuries, Mount Hermon has drawn explorers, pilgrims, and hikers captivated by its beauty and mystique. August 6, the Feast of the Transfiguration, once saw annual hikes to its summit, celebrating the mountain’s sacred role in Christian tradition.
From its snow-covered peaks to its ancient ruins and vibrant cultural heritage, Mount Hermon stands as a testament to Lebanon’s unique blend of history, faith, and natural beauty. It is a destination that invites travelers to experience its wonders and discover the stories etched into its majestic slopes.
